Taxable income is the amount of income used to calculate how much tax an individual or a company owes to the government in a given tax year. It is generally described as adjusted gross income (which is your total income, known as “gross income,” minus any deductions or exemptions allowed in that tax year). Taxable income includes wages, salaries, bonuses, and tips, as well as investment income and unearned income.
You can calculate their income tax based on the tax slab you fall under. Employees can take their gross income (which is the sum of Basic salary + HRA + Special Allowance + Transport Allowance + any other allowances) and deduct the investments made under section 80C. And calculate taxes based on the tax rate (slab rate) you fall under.
The taxable limit varies based on your income and the country you belong to. The Income tax exemption limit according to the Indian Government is up to Rs.2,50,000 for all individuals but is different for senior and super senior citizens.
In India, according to income tax slabs and rates, taxpayers can choose between two different tax regimes, the existing or old tax regime and the new, concessional one. Income tax is levied if your total taxable income is above Rs 2.5 Lakhs in both the regimes.
Nontaxable income includes the following (According to the Income tax department of India):
Invest more in Medical Insurance, savings account, participate in employer-sponsored savings accounts for childcare, buy tax-exempted bonds, and any income that is non-taxable.